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this is a story about mission 33 a

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military mission flown on discovery in

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November 1989 I'm Fred Gregory the

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commander i'm john blaha was the pilot

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of the flight i'm kathy thornton i was

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mission specialist three story Musgrave

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as aim is to I'm Sonny Carter I was the

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you miss Warren this is about three

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hours before launch when we get in our

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suits and now we're leaving the building

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about two and a half hours to get in a

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crew van about four thirty in the

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afternoon it's just on my lunch yeah

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it's just before sunset discovery is

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sitting out on the pad waiting for us it

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was one of those exceptionally clear

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nights down in Florida everything went

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pretty smoothly right afternoon we had a

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little hold as we were counting down but

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essentially we launched right on time

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when those main engines started it felt

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like some electric motors back there but

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when those solid Rockets ignite it there

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was no doubt this thing was going to

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space there's people in the front seat

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we're looking at the front windows those

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of us in the back we're looking at the

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back windows that's where the view was

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and those of us on the mid-deck we're

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looking at the gallery in the lockers

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award is mirror on my wrist and looked

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at the rear windows you can see the

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whole of Florida lit up like a flanch

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boat this is a lot like training to me

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it was like riding a train kind of a

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rumbling until the solids fell off it

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was you listening I never made a night

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launch before but when those SRBs

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separated from the orbiter as you looked

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out through the front window at the

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separation motors it looked as though

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you were looking into a furnace and then

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the three main engines kept pushing us

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towards space and it's kind of neat they

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go from zero speed on the pad

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a half minutes later you're doing 17,500

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miles per hour space is just about as

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beautiful as you can imagine look it

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looks like black velvet with diamonds on

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it it's kind of a game of

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ring-around-the-rosie between the

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mid-deck and the flight deck it's really

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our first experience in zero-g up there

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hey you can see what happens to your

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hair up there in space and sure takes on

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a different style this is dr. Carter

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you see what I told you about your hair

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up there that's dr. Musgrave with all

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his degrees mr. Spock here comes John

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doing outside loop in it yeah I'm

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strapped to the wall there and stories

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going to going to use this phenomena

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here to see what the pressure is in my

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eyeball it's one of the medical

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experience we were doing and you get

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story taps that on you know right on my

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cornea and it reads a reading that we

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can then record he doesn't hurt at all

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now I've switched a story and I'm just

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kind of showing you the method although

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i'm not touching stories cornea here the

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reason we're doing this is because we're

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very interested in how the body changes

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and adapter quickly to microgravity this

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is a holter monitor and these are the

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leads that that it's like a cardiogram

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that continually records my heart rate

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and it's in its form and when i close

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the door it'll start here and I've and

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I've connected the leads and I'm just

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showing you what it records here and

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then I wore this underneath my suit all

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John would you think this experiment

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well this was another experiment where

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Sonny was was measuring date on all of

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us and central venous pressure and I

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really didn't know much about it I was

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just a participant that's a transducer

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I've got there and what I do is put that

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over the external jugular vein on John's

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neck and John then blows into that piece

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that you saw in his mouth and creates a

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pressure and that occludes the sound

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that I can receive through the

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transducer and I'm listening to it on

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those earphones and we record what

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pressure it takes to occlude that pulse

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and by that we can indirectly see what

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central venous pressure is this is an

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eye doctor in a box experiment there are

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eight different eye tests in the box and

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we're looking at how vision and visual

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acuity might change when you go into

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zero-g I also notice the pen it takes

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rookies a while to learn that they can

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let go of things and expect to find them

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somewhere near where they left them it's

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another experiment we did on board I was

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looking at the shuttle glow through a

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spectrometer when the orbiter is

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crashing through the atomic oxygen which

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is that probably less than 160 nautical

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miles you'd see a glow on the windward

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side of the orbiter and there are people

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trying to figure out the mechanism that

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causes that most of the time I spent in

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the commander's seat looking out of the

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window we create our own electricity on

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board we combine hydrogen and oxygen one

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of the byproducts is water and when we

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dump that water overboard it immediately

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freezes and this is the blizzard that

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you see from the window this is a test

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that we did on board trying to

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demonstrate that we could take marks on

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stars and planets by moving the space

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ship around and align our navigation

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state by doing that and we demonstrated

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another thing we did was record the

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radiation that we were dosage that we

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were receiving this little box

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calculates it in tissue equivalence and

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we would record in each day and change

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out a memory module that actually

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recorded it by the minute this is the

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way Houston sends a message is up to us

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on a teleprinter and then somebody

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on my right side up here what I'm doing

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is changing out the lithium hydroxide

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canisters that's a chemical at the cabin

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fans blow air over and that absorbs a

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carbon dioxide from our respiration

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otherwise the carbon dioxide we build up

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in the cabin we breathe an atmosphere of

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air twenty percent oxygen eighty percent

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nitrogen of course we exhale carbon

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dioxide we recycle our air on orbit you

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do this twice a day in their eyes yep

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once after once after getting up and

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once before going to bed the text and

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graphics system here wasn't operating

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just right so kathina attempted to clear

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a jam that was in there who carried

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quite a complement of cameras with us

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this was a 16 millimeter I think we were

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trying to attach to the orbital the

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orbiter electrical system it didn't run

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very well on the battery so we used a

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what we call a breakout box to change

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the voltage of the spacecraft to the

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voltage required by the camera this did

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get it working the background of the

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I'd never noticed but looking out the

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window you can hardly see any motion on

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the earth below yeah this is the

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Namibian desert southwest coast of

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Africa and we're crossing Africa west to

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east looking across Kalahari Desert up

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over to the east coast of the African

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continent and then upon the horizon of

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the earth there yes South Africa would

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be to your right and goal it to your

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left this is the flight deck and this is

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sunny looking out of one of the overhead

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windows down at the earth looking down

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at the Red Sea and Yemen and Saudi

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Arabia Ethiopia Egypt up to the upper

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left and Iraq on the upper right moving

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at about five miles a second but from

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that altitude it appears to so you

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merely creeping across the earth at

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several different types of cameras and

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we would shoot a few shots with one and

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then pass it off to someone else it's so

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funny when you try to do that when you

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get on the ground everybody is so

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surprised that things immediately crash

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to the floor instead of floating gently

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this is Lake Kariba in South East Africa

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if you remember in 1965 there was the

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operation Noah in that area to save the

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animals and so we were able to

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photograph that for some geologists that

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were interested in it less part of the

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African Rift yesterday just like being a

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tourist except you're out in space

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you've got cameras and you've got a

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window and you take things which are

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maybe scientific but also things that

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appeal to the eye this is India at the

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top of the picture China and the bottom

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and the Himalayas where the former

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continent of India has collided into the

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of Asia creating those mountains you

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have to shoot pretty fast you don't ask

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questions at 300 miles a minute you need

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to get the photograph and ask later what

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you took there's a lot of room up there

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to get everybody in the windows Oh looks

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like a small area but you can you can

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get the entire crew up there taking

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pictures all at the same time if you

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wanted to this is the Namibian coast

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again and this time we're on up and

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sending pass through Africa so we're

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going through Angola those are two

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different kinds of clouds there I mean

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easily see north there I mean one's kind

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of a sea fog at the bottom left and the

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other were kind of the wispy cumulus

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class John took a lot of pictures and

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every time he took a picture he said

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boom every time watch his lips here

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watch this much done he's talking about

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here we go you can watch the camera move

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these are the Indonesian islands that we

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had a past west to east across them and

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normally this part of the world is very

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covered with clouds but on our mission

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it was clear and so we were able to get

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some beautiful pictures coming across

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the Indonesian islands thankfully it's

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mostly volcanic we were learning quite a

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lot about our world by looking down at

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parts such as this but it's so

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interesting to look down at the oceans

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from the altitude with the with the

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proper Sun angles you get pretty good

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insight on the dynamics of the oceans

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down there this is a beautiful infrared

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picture the canteen took the Irrawaddy

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River Delta she really did a good job at

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the infrared this is off on the east

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side of Madagascar an island that has

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two beautiful volcanoes in it Reunion

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Island again an infrared photography of

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it geologists were very interested in

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this is chao call for thanksgiving

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dinner we launched to the day before

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thanksgiving in eighteen eighty nine and

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so we had our turkey and potatoes and

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broccoli on orbit probably a day later

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than people on this planet but you get a

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little confused about what time of day

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it is when you're up there you see

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sunrise 16 times a day it's hard to tell

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what meal you ought to be eating

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translation and attitude controller

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almost done completely with your hands

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very little very little feet they're

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accepting to maintain a position once

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you get there because you see people

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moving very slowly to they won't

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ricochet off walls but this was the

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thanksgiving meal and i think it was the

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only meal where all of us floated

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together and ate at the same time

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Katie's got the Megaton boards on there

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our class of nineteen eighty-four were

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known as the maggots affectionately

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bowel the astronaut office and we carry

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that on the missions with what y'all

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think Fred's doing here looks like his

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body's movie and yes the answer is he is

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dancing to all four tops temptations

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this is the kamagra day there's 33 tried

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our commander yes I think everybody will

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Walkman all the time and everybody had

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their own specific music that they

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listen to their a lot of soccer players

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on board john blaha coached and played

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Sonny of course was a professional

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soccer player Kathy being from the

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Virginia were national champions we need

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to get to take one or two things just a

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remind us of home and generally a plug

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for our alma mater Zyzz one of them

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picture the family is nice to him

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chapter the pictures upside down that's

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John I'm plugging his university and I

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watching kick this piece of scientific

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gear here how small College in the south

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that's the world's greatest medical

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school carried a lot of dinosaur cookies

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up there but we ate all of them except

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one skip John John a all of its right

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John ate all of them looks like a bunch

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of grown-ups playing with their food but

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actually this is a physics lesson if you

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remember the hardest thing to teach

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students and physics is the difference

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between mass and weight look there

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everything is virtually weightless

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however it still has mass if you watch

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out the gummy worms and the goldfish

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moves the goldfish is less massive it's

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a amusement very quickly I had to take

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this hat on what I thought at that time

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the world's biggest Dodger fan and those

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glasses came from my daughter to

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complete the set of Los Angeles kind of

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stuff I'm glad you're described that and

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just the crew picture with a standard hi

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mom sign we forgot the one about ten

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money we D orbited and landed at Edwards

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Air Force Base just before sunset we

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landed on runway zero for a runway that

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we never used before landing the orbiter

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and we landed right on time and within

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about a inch or so of where we were

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supposed to touch down was smooth and

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rolled out just as the Sun dipped below

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the horizon Fred I think you're about a

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half an inch to the right of center line

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we'll have to do it again one mile per

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hour slow the next shot is a is a same

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approach but it's an infrared shot and

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gives an indication of the temperatures

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on the orbiter during the approach the

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whiter the surface the hotter it is but

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the very interesting thing is as the

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wheels come down they very gray

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indicating they're cool but as they

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touch down those tires really heat up

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tremendous technology that allows

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that kind of material to be built you

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see the bottom of the orbiter there is

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is so much hotter there's the wheels

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touch down and then the top and around

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the cockpit and of course the nose being

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the hottest but it's really dramatic

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difference here that's the auxiliary

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power units exhaust up near the base of

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the tail he changed the polarity this

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picture and make the hot parts dark then

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the orbiter looks just like a regular

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orbiter except you can't read discovery

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on the side we had these launch and

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entry suits on we came in and was very

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cold outside but with the suits and the

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combination of us trying to become

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earthlings again all of us were very hot

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when we came outside takes a while to

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get your earth legs back there was a lot

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of staggering going out there but that's